Towers

 

1. (first picture set to left) Perge; late third century BC. This is a typical three-stoy stone tower. The first story is blind, the second story is pierced by slits, and the third (upper) story has large windows, three in each projecting side. The tower could accommodate at least one five-mina stone projector, or several arrow firing devices (See 1A just above the tower).

2. (second picture - center) The tower at Diocaesarea, third century BC is an example of a "tyrsis" or private residential tower. Of it's six storeys, the three lower ones have five rooms each, and each of the three upper ones are partitioned into four rooms each. Communication between the storeys was by stone staircase. Two entrances led into the tower; one on the ground floor (in the southern wall), and the other on the second floor (in the eastern wall).

3. (right hand picture) The u-shaped tower at Assos, late third century BC, built in the age of artillery, the tower radically differs from the other towers at Assos, It had a single chamber on a single floor, reached via an arched entrance. With the help of a system of pulleys, a catapult could be shifted to fire from any of the five embrasures in the tower.

Reference;

K,S. Nossov, "Greek Fortifications of Asia Minor, 500-130 BC," Osprey Pub., Fortress Series, #90,