Urban and Religious Fortifications

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1.  The Citadel of Jerusalem, known as the Tower of David;
2.  The fortified Monastery of St. Simeon (Suveydiye).

1. -- (A) City Wall, (B) Posterns, (C) Inner Gate, (D) Outer Gate, (after Johns and Pringle);

2. -- (A) Outer Gate, probably from the Crusader period (after Djobadze and Morray).

The Tower of David was built on the foundations of a vast Herodian structure and formed the strongest point in Jerusalem's fortifications before the First Crusade.